AbbVie Presents Positive Investigational Navitoclax Combination Data in Phase 2 REFINE Study Suggesting Anti-Fibrosis Activity for Patients with Myelofibrosis
AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV) today announced new data from a Phase 2 trial of navitoclax in combination with ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis. The results were presented at the American Association for Cancer Research annual meeting (AACR 2022, abstract #LB108). Navitoclax is an investigational, first-in-class, oral BCL-XL/BCL-2 inhibitor that is designed to activate programmed cell death (apoptosis) in cancer cells. Navitoclax and its safety and efficacy are under evaluation as part of ongoing Phase 2 and registrational Phase 3 studies.
“Myelofibrosis is a cancer that originates in the bone marrow, leading to fibrosis. Currently, available therapies do not address the underlying disease biology and have not shown a consistent effect on both biomarkers of disease modification and overall survival. Disease control with reversal of bone marrow fibrosis is a key objective for improving patient outcomes,” said Mohamed Zaki, M.D., Ph.D., vice president and global head of oncology clinical development at AbbVie. “That’s why we are especially pleased about these early results of navitoclax in combination with ruxolitinib that indicate its novel mechanism of action of inducing cell death may cause reversal of bone marrow fibrosis and extend survival for patients who respond to treatment.”
Myelofibrosis is a rare, difficult-to-treat blood cancer that results in excessive scar tissue formation (fibrosis) in the bone marrow. Anti-fibrosis activity, measured by reversal of bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) and reduction in driver gene variant allele frequency (VAF) have been suggested as potential biomarkers to measure disease modification in myelofibrosis, but their association with a survival benefit have not been widely described.1 These data build on AbbVie’s history of transforming standards of care in blood cancers with significant unmet needs.
The results presented at AACR 2022 were from REFINE (NCT03222609) – a Phase 2 trial evaluating navitoclax in combination with ruxolitinib (a JAK1/2 inhibitor), which included patients with myelofibrosis who had progressed on or had a suboptimal response to at least 12 weeks of ruxolitinib monotherapy. Median exposure to prior ruxolitinib was 91 weeks (range: 19 weeks – 391 weeks) in the first 34 patients enrolled earlier in the trial.
In the exploratory analysis of 32 patients who were evaluable for improvements in BMF, 12 (38%) had a ≥1 grade improvement during any time point in the study. For driver gene VAF reduction, 26 patients were evaluable and 6 (23%) achieved a ≥20% reduction at week 24. Five patients achieved both BMF and VAF responses.
Median overall survival (OS) for all patients was not reached as presented previously by Harrison2 et al. For patients who had a ≥1 grade improvement BMF median OS was not reached compared with 28.5 months for patients who did not experience an improvement. Similarly, median OS was also not reached for patients who achieved a ≥20% driver gene VAF reduction versus 28.5 months for patients who did not.
All 34 patients (100%) experienced at least one adverse event (AE), and 15 (44%) experienced a serious adverse event (SAE).2 The most common AEs of any grade were thrombocytopenia (n= 30, 88%), diarrhea (n= 24, 71%), fatigue (n= 21, 62%), and nausea (n= 13, 38%). The most common SAEs were pneumonia (n= 4, 12%) and splenic infarction (n= 2, 6%).2 There were no SAEs of bleeding and thrombocytopenia was manageable and reversible with dose reduction/interruption of navitoclax and/or ruxolitinib.2 REFINE was a dose-finding study and the target dose of navitoclax was reduced subsequent to these findings.
“Data obtained from this exploratory analysis holds promise for potential future clinical research,” said Jacqueline S. Garcia, M.D., Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, assistant professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. “What is most notable in this analysis is the overall survival among patients who demonstrate VAF and BMF responses and all patients were alive at time of analysis. Patients in this Phase 2 trial had suboptimal response to ruxolitinib at time of study entry and then had navitoclax added to ruxolitinib on the trial. VAF and BMF responses occurred despite the presence of high molecular risk mutations, which suggests the potential efficacy of combination navitoclax and ruxolitinib could be independent of underlying risk factors.”
About Navitoclax
Navitoclax is an investigational, oral BCL-XL/BCL-2 inhibitor. The BCL-2 family of proteins are known regulators of the apoptosis pathway.3 Navitoclax is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Its safety and efficacy are under evaluation as part of ongoing Phase 2 and registrational Phase 3 studies.
AbbVie is currently recruiting for two Phase 3 trials of navitoclax (TRANSFORM-1 and TRANSFORM-2) in combination with ruxolitinib for the treatment of myelofibrosis that will enroll more than 500 patients. The company anticipates pivotal trial readouts and regulatory submission for navitoclax in 2023.
About the REFINE Study
REFINE is a Phase 2, open-label, multicenter study evaluating the tolerability and efficacy of navitoclax alone or when added to ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis.1 The primary outcome measure is the percentage of patients who achieve Spleen Volume Reduction of greater than or equal to 35% (SVR35) from baseline to Week 24. Secondary outcomes measures include percentage of participants achieving 50% reduction in Total Symptom Score from baseline to Week 24 and change in grade of bone marrow fibrosis assessed according to the European Consensus Grading System. More information can be found on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03222609).
About Myelofibrosis
Myelofibrosis is a rare, difficult-to-treat blood cancer that results in excessive scar tissue formation (fibrosis) in the bone marrow. Patients living with myelofibrosis experience symptoms such as an enlarged spleen, fatigue, weakness, and severe anemia, that are often debilitating and greatly impact quality of life. Myelofibrosis also carries a risk of transformation to more aggressive disease such as acute myeloid leukemia.3
About AbbVie
AbbVie’s mission is to discover and deliver innovative medicines that solve serious health issues today and address the medical challenges of tomorrow. We strive to have a remarkable impact on people’s lives across several key therapeutic areas: immunology, oncology, neuroscience, eye care, virology, women’s health and gastroenterology, in addition to products and services across its Allergan Aesthetics portfolio. For more information about AbbVie, please visit us at www.abbvie.com. Follow @abbvie on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and LinkedIn.
Forward-Looking Statements
Some statements in this news release are, or may be considered, forward-looking statements for purposes of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project” and similar expressions, among others, generally identify forward-looking statements. AbbVie cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, failure to realize the expected benefits from AbbVie’s acquisition of Allergan plc (“Allergan”), failure to promptly and effectively integrate Allergan’s businesses, competition from other products, challenges to intellectual property, difficulties inherent in the research and development process, adverse litigation or government action, changes to laws and regulations applicable to our industry and the impact of public health outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics, such as COVID-19. Additional information about the economic, competitive, governmental, technological and other factors that may affect AbbVie’s operations is set forth in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of AbbVie’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as updated by its subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. AbbVie undertakes no obligation to release publicly any revisions to forward-looking statements as a result of subsequent events or developments, except as required by law.
References:
Mascarenhas J, Komrokji RS, Palandri F, et al. Randomized, single-blind, multicenter Phase II study of two doses imetelstat in relapsed or refractor myelofibrosis. J Clin Oncol. 2021;10;39(26):2881-2892.
Harrison C, Garcia J, Somervaille T, et al. Addition of Navitoclax to Ongoing Ruxolitinib Therapy for Patients With Myelofibrosis With Progression or Suboptimal Response: Phase II Safety and Efficacy. J Clin Oncol. 2022; JCO2102188.
Tsujimoto Y. (1998). Role of Bcl-2 family proteins in apoptosis: apoptosomes or mitochondria?. Genes to cells: devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms, 3(11), 697–707. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2443.1998.00223.
SOURCE AbbVie
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